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Unit 4 - Lesson 1: Al-Fātihah & Surahs of the Last Day
Questions 1 to 4: Recitation and word-by-word meaning of Surat al-Fātihah, az-Zalzalah, al-‘Ādiyāt, and al-Qāri‘ah.
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Question 1: Recite Surat al-Fātihah and explain its meanings.
﴿بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ ٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ ٱلْعَـٰلَمِينَ ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ مَـٰلِكِ يَوْمِ ٱلدِّينِ إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ وَإِيَّاكَ نَسْتَعِينُ ٱهْدِنَا ٱلصِّرَٰطَ ٱلْمُسْتَقِيمَ صِرَٰطَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ غَيْرِ ٱلْمَغْضُوبِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا ٱلضَّآلِّينَ﴾
Interpretation:
• Bismillāhir Rahmānir Rahīm: In the name of Allah, seeking His help and blessing.
• Al-hamdullāhi Rabbil ‘Ālamīn: All praise and perfection belong to Allah alone, Lord of all creation.
• Ar-Rahmān Ar-Rahīm: Whose extensive mercy encompasses all creatures, and Who bestows special mercy upon believers.
• Māliki yawmid-dīn: Master and Sovereign of the Day of Judgment.
• Iyyāka na‘budu wa iyyāka nasta‘īn: You alone we worship, and from You alone we ask for help.
• Ihdinās sirātal mustaqīm: Guide us to the straight path of Islam and the Sunnah.
• Sirātal ladhīna an‘amta ‘alayhim...: The path of the prophets and righteous, not of those who earned wrath (Jews) nor of those who went astray (Christians).
Sunnah: To say "Āmīn" (O Allah, answer our prayer!) after finishing.
• Bismillāhir Rahmānir Rahīm: In the name of Allah, seeking His help and blessing.
• Al-hamdullāhi Rabbil ‘Ālamīn: All praise and perfection belong to Allah alone, Lord of all creation.
• Ar-Rahmān Ar-Rahīm: Whose extensive mercy encompasses all creatures, and Who bestows special mercy upon believers.
• Māliki yawmid-dīn: Master and Sovereign of the Day of Judgment.
• Iyyāka na‘budu wa iyyāka nasta‘īn: You alone we worship, and from You alone we ask for help.
• Ihdinās sirātal mustaqīm: Guide us to the straight path of Islam and the Sunnah.
• Sirātal ladhīna an‘amta ‘alayhim...: The path of the prophets and righteous, not of those who earned wrath (Jews) nor of those who went astray (Christians).
Sunnah: To say "Āmīn" (O Allah, answer our prayer!) after finishing.
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Question 2: Recite Surat az-Zalzalah and explain its meanings.
﴿إِذَا زُلْزِلَتِ ٱلْأَرْضُ زِلْزَالَهَا وَأَخْرَجَتِ ٱلْأَرْضُ أَثْقَالَهَا وَقَالَ ٱلْإِنسَـٰنُ مَا لَهَا يَوْمَئِذٍۢ تُحَدِّثُ أَخْبَارَهَا بِأَنَّ رَبَّكَ أَوْحَىٰ لَهَا يَوْمَئِذٍۢ يَصْدُرُ ٱلنَّاسُ أَشْتَاتًۭا لِّيُرَوْا۟ أَعْمَـٰلَهُمْ فَمَن يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ خَيْرًۭا يَرَهُۥ وَمَن يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍۢ شَرًّۭا يَرَهُۥ﴾
Interpretation:
1. Idha zulzilatil ardu zilzālaha: When the earth is shaken with a mighty tremor on the Day of Judgment.
2. Wa akhrajatil ardu athqālaha: And brings out what is inside it of the dead and treasures.
3. Wa qālal insānu ma laha: And confused man asks: What is the matter with the earth?!
4-5. Yawma’idhin tuhaddithu akhbāraha...: On that Day, the earth will recount all good and evil done upon it, because Allah commanded it to speak.
6. Yawma’idhin yasdurun nāsu ashtatan...: People will come forth in separate groups for Reckoning to be shown their deeds.
7-8. Famay-ya‘mal mithqāla zarratin...: Whoever does an atom’s weight of good will see it, and whoever does an atom’s weight of evil will see it.
1. Idha zulzilatil ardu zilzālaha: When the earth is shaken with a mighty tremor on the Day of Judgment.
2. Wa akhrajatil ardu athqālaha: And brings out what is inside it of the dead and treasures.
3. Wa qālal insānu ma laha: And confused man asks: What is the matter with the earth?!
4-5. Yawma’idhin tuhaddithu akhbāraha...: On that Day, the earth will recount all good and evil done upon it, because Allah commanded it to speak.
6. Yawma’idhin yasdurun nāsu ashtatan...: People will come forth in separate groups for Reckoning to be shown their deeds.
7-8. Famay-ya‘mal mithqāla zarratin...: Whoever does an atom’s weight of good will see it, and whoever does an atom’s weight of evil will see it.
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Question 3: Recite Surat al-‘Ādiyāt and explain its meanings.
﴿وَٱلْعَـٰدِيَـٰتِ ضَبْحًۭا فَٱلْمُورِيَـٰتِ قَدْحًۭا فَٱلْمُغِيرَٰتِ صُبْحًۭا فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِۦ نَقْعًۭا فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِۦ جَمْعًا إِنَّ ٱلْإِنسَـٰنَ لِرَبِّهِۦ لَكَنُودٌۭ وَإِنَّهُۥ عَلَىٰ ذَٰلِكَ لَشَهِيدٌۭ وَإِنَّهُۥ لِحُبِّ ٱلْخَيْرِ لَشَدِيدٌ ۞ أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِى ٱلْقُبُورِ وَحُصِّلَ مَا فِى ٱلصُّدُورِ إِنَّ رَبَّهُم بِهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍۢ لَّخَبِيرٌۢ﴾
Interpretation:
1-5. Allah swears by the galloping horses that pant, strike sparks with hooves, charge at dawn, stir clouds of dust, and plunge into enemy ranks.
6. Innal-insāna lirabbihi lakanūd: Man is ungrateful to his Lord, withholding goodness.
7-8. Wa innahu ‘ala dhālika la shahīd...: Man is witness against himself, and intensely loves wealth and money.
9-11. Does he not know that when graves are overturned and secrets of hearts made known, their Lord is All-Aware of everything and will recompense them?!
1-5. Allah swears by the galloping horses that pant, strike sparks with hooves, charge at dawn, stir clouds of dust, and plunge into enemy ranks.
6. Innal-insāna lirabbihi lakanūd: Man is ungrateful to his Lord, withholding goodness.
7-8. Wa innahu ‘ala dhālika la shahīd...: Man is witness against himself, and intensely loves wealth and money.
9-11. Does he not know that when graves are overturned and secrets of hearts made known, their Lord is All-Aware of everything and will recompense them?!
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Question 4: Recite Surat al-Qāri‘ah and explain its meanings.
﴿ٱلْقَارِعَةُ مَا ٱلْقَارِعَةُ وَمَآ أَدْرَىٰكَ مَا ٱلْقَارِعَةُ يَوْمَ يَكُونُ ٱلنَّاسُ كَٱلْفَرَاشِ ٱلْمَبْثُوثِ وَتَكُونُ ٱلْجِبَالُ كَٱلْعِهْنِ ٱلْمَنفُوشِ فَأَمَّا مَن ثَقُلَتْ مَوَٰزِينُهُۥ فَهُوَ فِى عِيشَةٍۢ رَّاضِيَةٍۢ وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَٰزِينُهُۥ فَأُمُّهُۥ هَاوِيَةٌۭ وَمَآ أَدْرَىٰكَ مَا هِيَهْ نَارٌ حَامِيَةٌۢ﴾
Interpretation:
1-3. Al-Qāri‘ah: The striking Hour of Judgment that strikes hearts with terror.
4. Yawma yakūnun nāsu kal farāshil mabthūth: People will be like scattered moths.
5. Wa takūnul jibālu kal ‘ihnil manfūsh: Mountains will crumble like fluffed, carded wool.
6-7. Fa’amma man thaqulat mawāzīnuh...: The one whose good deeds outweigh bad deeds will enjoy a pleasant life in Paradise.
8-11. Wa amma man khaffat mawāzīnuh...: But the one whose good deeds are light, his abode is Hāwiyah (a Blazing Fire in Hell).
1-3. Al-Qāri‘ah: The striking Hour of Judgment that strikes hearts with terror.
4. Yawma yakūnun nāsu kal farāshil mabthūth: People will be like scattered moths.
5. Wa takūnul jibālu kal ‘ihnil manfūsh: Mountains will crumble like fluffed, carded wool.
6-7. Fa’amma man thaqulat mawāzīnuh...: The one whose good deeds outweigh bad deeds will enjoy a pleasant life in Paradise.
8-11. Wa amma man khaffat mawāzīnuh...: But the one whose good deeds are light, his abode is Hāwiyah (a Blazing Fire in Hell).